Network latency is the time it takes for data to travel across a network. Common units include seconds (s), milliseconds (ms), microseconds (μs), nanoseconds (ns), picoseconds (ps), minutes (min), and hours (h).
Common units and conversions
- Second (s): base unit.
- Millisecond (ms): 1 ms = 0.001 s.
- Microsecond (μs): 1 μs = 0.000001 s.
- Nanosecond (ns): 1 ns = 0.000000001 s.
- Picosecond (ps): 1 ps = 0.000000000001 s.
- Minute (min): 1 min = 60 s.
- Hour (h): 1 h = 3,600 s.
Typical usage
- Speed tests: 10–100 ms typical; < 20 ms is low latency.
- Gaming: < 50 ms good; > 100 ms can feel laggy.
- Video conferencing: target < 100 ms.
- IoT/Industrial: sometimes < 1 ms.
- Chips/optical links: ns/ps ranges.
Notes
- Use decimal scaling: 1 s = 1,000 ms; 1 ms = 1,000 μs; etc.
- Pick appropriate units per scenario.
- Lower latency is better; some apps need ultra‑low latency.
Quick reference
| Unit | Conversion | Typical use |
| 1 ms | = 0.001 s | Speed tests, gaming |
| 1 μs | = 0.000001 s | Signal processing, control |
| 1 ns | = 0.000000001 s | Chips, optical comms |
| 1 min | = 60 s | Long duration |
| 1 h | = 3,600 s | Very long |
Tip: Choose units carefully to avoid confusion. ms is the most common in everyday networking.